【学术报告】Direct Detection and Identification of WIMP Dark Matter

发布者:张旭华发布时间:2017-12-08浏览次数:440

时间:2017年12月13日(周三)  下午4:00

地点:三教208

报告人:单中林(新疆天文台)

报告题目:Direct Detection and Identification of WIMP Dark Matter
摘要:Different astronomical observations and measurements indicate that more than 80% of all matter in the Universe is “dark”. The dominant component of this cosmological Dark Matter must be some yet to be discovered, non–baryonic particles. On the other hand, different extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics provides several Dark Matter candidates, including Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) as the leading one. There are three ways to discover, identify and distinguish WIMPs predicted in different models: production of WIMPs at colliders through e.g., p−p/¯ p or e− −e+ collision, indirect detection of secondary productions (e±, ¯ p, νµ, D) of WIMP annihilation (and/or decay), and direct detection of (elastic) WIMP scattering signals off target nuclei in low–background underground laboratory detectors. In this talk, I will first give an overview of direct Dark Matter detection and discuss the factors which detection phenomenology and experiments concern. Different detection techniques and background discriminations, in particular, detectors with directional sensitivity, will be talked. In the second part of my talk, I will turn to present our long–term work on the model–independent data analysis procedures for reconstructing different astronomical and particle properties of WIMPs.

通过不同尺度的多项天文观测结果,科学家们认知到宇宙中超过百分之八十的物质 是“暗”的,而这些宇宙暗物质的主要组成必须是某种至今未被发现、非重子型的新粒子。另 一方面,粒子物理标准模型的不同拓展理论提供了包括重质量弱相互作用粒子(WIMP)在 内的若干暗物质候选粒子。目前,实验物理学家企图通过三种不同的方式来发现、进而确认 和区分不同模型预测的 WIMP 粒子:在对撞机中透过质子-(反)质子对、电子-正电子对 等的碰撞产生 WIMP 粒子;测量宇宙射线中 WIMP 粒子湮灭(或衰变)反应的二级产物- 电子、正电子、反质子、反氘等-的能谱;以及观测 WIMP 与地下低本底实验室中探测器材 料的原子核间发生的(弹性)散射信号。 在报告的第一部份我将首先介绍暗物质直接探测实验的基本概念,理论(唯象学)与实验 关心的各项因素,以及包括最新、具方向性灵敏度的不同探测器的设计与工作原理和本底噪 声的成因与排除技术。其后,在报告的第二部分,我会整理讨论我们多年以来在暗物质直接 探测唯象学领域的主要工作:与天文及粒子物理模型无关的、重建暗物质质量、散射截面等 各项性质的数据分析方法。

邀请人:王玉明